July is high summer on the Kansas plains — hot, bright, and windy, with the prairie wildflowers at their richest, the first sunflowers turning, and butterflies thick over the blazing tallgrass.
Week by week in July
July 2–8
- The first returning adult shorebirds reappear on the drying mudflats of Cheyenne Bottoms and Quivira.
- Sweet corn and vine-ripe tomatoes headline the markets at the height of summer abundance.
- Monarchs breed on the milkweed and the prairie hums with sulphurs, buckeyes, and skippers on the flowers.
- Compass plant raises its tall yellow torches and wild bergamot hazes the prairie lavender.
July 9–15
- Water deeply at dawn, mulch heavily, and watch for spider mites and grasshoppers in the dry heat.
- Coneflowers, black-eyed Susan, and the gayfeather peak across the tallgrass as the prairie reaches full flower.
- The Summer Triangle rides high overhead with the rich galactic-center star clouds in the south.
- Melons begin arriving from the warm south, joining squash, cucumbers, beans, and okra.
July 16–22
- Least and pectoral sandpipers and lesser yellowlegs build on the central refuge mudflats as the water drops.
- Start the fall garden — sow fall broccoli and cabbage transplants and a second round of beans and squash.
- Regal fritillaries still glide over the Flint Hills, nectaring on the opening blazing star.
- Black walnuts swell their green-husked nuts and bur oaks set their acorns in the bottoms.
July 23–29
- Wild sunflowers spread golden along the roadsides as the Sunflower State's signature flower comes on.
- Peak abundance — tomatoes, corn, peppers, eggplant, okra, and the first cantaloupe and watermelon.
- The minor Delta Aquariid meteors begin trickling from the southern sky late in the month.
- Common nighthawks gather into loose evening flocks over towns, hawking insects on their way south.
Birds This Month
July is a quieter, hotter birding month in Kansas as the nesting season winds down, but the prairie still has plenty to offer in the cool of early morning. Dickcissels sing on through the heat from the tallgrass, scissor-tailed flycatchers and western kingbirds hawk insects from the wires, upland sandpipers linger on the fence posts, and grasshopper and Cassin's sparrows still deliver their thin songs over the grass. Family groups appear everywhere — fledgling orioles, bluebirds, and quail broods crossing the back roads.
The early southbound shorebird migration begins. By mid-to-late July the first returning adult shorebirds — least and pectoral sandpipers, lesser yellowlegs, long-billed dowitchers, and others — reappear on the drying mudflats of Cheyenne Bottoms and Quivira, an early hint that fall is already starting. The marshes also hold post-breeding herons, egrets, white-faced ibis, and gatherings of Franklin's gulls.
In gardens, ruby-throated hummingbirds work the flowers and feeders, house finches and goldfinches (nesting late to match the thistle and sunflower seed) are busy, and chimney swifts and purple martins wheel over town in the evening.
This month's tip: bird the first hour after sunrise to beat the heat, and start checking the central refuge mudflats late in the month — the fall shorebird show is just beginning as the water drops.
What's Blooming
July keeps the Kansas prairie in full flower despite the heat. The tallgrass of the Flint Hills is at its tallest and richest, and the high-summer wildflowers dominate — the tall yellow torches of compass plant and its relatives the rosinweeds, the brilliant orange butterfly milkweed finishing, purple leadplant and purple prairie clover, and the first wands of dotted gayfeather (blazing star) opening their bright purple spikes.
The coneflowers and sunflowers take over: pale purple and narrow-leaved coneflowers, black-eyed Susan, gray-headed coneflower, and the first wild common sunflowers — the state flower — beginning to bloom along roadsides and in fields. Wild bergamot (bee balm) hazes the prairie lavender and buzzes with pollinators, and snow-on-the-mountain whitens overgrazed ground in the west. The whole prairie pulses with insects on the flowers. July is a superb month to walk the Flint Hills and the Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve in the early morning, when the tallgrass and its wildflowers are heavy with dew and alive with bees and butterflies.
Garden This Month
July is peak harvest and peak survival in the Kansas garden. The tomatoes, peppers, sweet corn, summer squash, cucumbers, and green beans pour in, and the heat-lovers — okra, southern peas, melons, and eggplant — hit their stride in the long, hot days that Kansas does so well. Pick everything frequently to keep the plants producing, and harvest in the cool of the morning.
The dominant work is water and heat management. Water deeply and early in the day, keep a thick mulch over the root zone against the brutal afternoon sun and wind, and watch for the heat pests — spider mites, stink bugs, and grasshoppers, which can be severe in dry Kansas summers. Tomatoes may slow their fruit set in the worst heat; keep them watered and they will resume in the cooler nights ahead. Crucially, late July is when the fall garden begins — start fall broccoli, cabbage, and Brussels sprouts transplants now, and direct-sow a second round of squash, cucumbers, and beans for a fall crop, since Kansas's long, warm autumn rewards a second season.
Zone 6a (central Kansas): the garden is in peak harvest and peak heat. Pick tomatoes, peppers, beans, squash, and cucumbers constantly to keep plants producing, water deeply and early in the day, and mulch to hold moisture. Late in the month, start the fall garden — sow seeds for fall broccoli, cabbage, and the first fall carrots and beets.
Zone 6b–7a (eastern Kansas — Kansas City at 6b, Wichita and the southeast at 7a): full summer harvest, with sweet corn and tomatoes pouring in. Keep everything picked and watered, watch for spider mites and stink bugs in the heat, and begin the fall planting late in the month — direct-sow fall squash, cucumbers, and beans, and start fall brassica transplants for setting out in August.
What's at the Farmers Market
July is peak abundance at Kansas markets, the high-summer harvest in full flood. Sweet corn and vine-ripe tomatoes are the headliners, joined by summer squash, zucchini, cucumbers, green beans, peppers, eggplant, okra, new potatoes, onions, and fresh garlic. The first melons — cantaloupe and watermelon — begin to arrive, especially from the warm southern and southwestern parts of the state.
Summer fruit is on the tables — blackberries, peaches (from the orchards), and early plums — and the freshly harvested winter wheat shows up as stone-ground flour and wheat berries in the 'Wheat State.' Local honey, eggs, grass-fed meats, and abundant cut flowers fill out the stalls at the busy Lawrence, Topeka, Wichita, Manhattan, and Kansas City markets.
For selection and storage: keep sweet corn cold and eat it as soon as possible while the sugar is high. Store tomatoes at room temperature, stem-side down, never refrigerated. Refrigerate squash, cucumbers, beans, and peppers and use within a few days, and let melons finish ripening on the counter, choosing heavy fruit with a sweet aroma and a creamy ground spot.
Night Sky This Month
July offers warm, comfortable nights and the magnificent summer Milky Way over Kansas, though the nights are still short. The state's dark-sky places are the place to be — the Cimarron National Grassland in the far southwest, the open Flint Hills back roads, and the Wilson and Webster reservoir country all spread the whole bowl of the sky beneath the wide plains horizon, far from city glow.
The Summer Triangle of Vega, Deneb, and Altair rides high overhead in the evening, and below it the summer Milky Way arches from Cygnus overhead down through Aquila and Scutum to the glowing star clouds of Sagittarius and Scorpius low in the south. This is the richest stretch of sky in the year — the direction of the galactic center, dense with nebulae, globular clusters, and dark dust lanes that a dark Kansas night reveals beautifully. Orange Antares marks the heart of the Scorpion in the south. The minor Delta Aquariid meteors begin trickling late in the month from the southern sky.
Because planet positions change each year, check the printable Kansas night-sky guide for this year's specific viewing nights and planet visibility from your latitude. Wait for full darkness and a calm, clear night between the summer storms.
Butterflies & Pollinators
July is one of the richest butterfly months on the Kansas prairie, with the high-summer wildflowers feeding throngs of nectaring insects. Monarchs breed steadily on the milkweed, and the great regal fritillaries still glide over the Flint Hills tallgrass, nectaring heavily on milkweed, thistle, and the opening blazing star — July is a prime month to see this prairie flagship before its numbers wane. The big eastern tiger and black swallowtails and the migrant painted ladies are widespread.
The brushfoots and small species peak: variegated fritillaries, common buckeyes, pearl crescents, gray hairstreaks, eastern tailed-blues, orange and clouded sulphurs, and a diverse crowd of grass-feeding skippers work the flowering prairie. The first wild sunflowers and the gayfeather draw clouds of them. To support the show, the blooming native prairie does most of the work — coneflower, milkweed, bee balm, blazing star, and thistle are crucial nectar — and in gardens, native flowers, water, and standing milkweed sustain the breeding monarchs and the prairie skippers through the height of the Kansas summer.
Trees This Month
July finds the Kansas trees in full, dark summer leaf, enduring the heat and wind of the plains high summer. The eastern cottonwoods along the creeks and rivers rustle and shimmer constantly in the hot wind, their deep shade and constant whisper a relief in the open country, and the big trees draw on the streamside water to stay green while the upland prairie cures. The bur oaks, hackberries, green ash, and black walnuts are in heavy canopy.
The summer's crops are forming. The black walnuts swell their green-husked nuts in the bottoms, the bur oaks set their large acorns, the Osage orange hedgerows grow their heavy green hedge-apples, and the hackberries develop their small berries that birds will eat into winter. There is little flowering now; this is the season of growth and ripening fruit. In dry years the upland trees and farmstead windbreaks of eastern redcedar show the strain of the heat, and a deep watering helps young plantings survive their first Kansas summers, the hardest test a new tree faces here.
Weather & Daylight
Across Kansas, a typical July day averages a high near 92°F and a low near 67°F, with about 3.9 inches of precipitation — statewide averages from the 1991–2020 U.S. climate normals.
Peak heat and heavy air, highs near 92 with warm, sticky nights that barely cool below 67.
| Average high | 92°F |
|---|---|
| Average low | 67°F |
| Precipitation | 3.9 in |
| Sunrise (mid-month) | 6:17 CT |
| Sunset (mid-month) | 20:53 CT |
Figures are statewide averages over the 1991–2020 U.S. climate normals; local conditions vary with elevation and distance from the coast. Sunrise and sunset are computed for a midstate point on the 15th (CT).
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Same month elsewhere: July in Kentucky · July in Louisiana · July in Maine