March is the slow, muddy turn of the Michigan year — the snow recedes from the south northward, the maple sap runs strong, and the first migrants push back into a thawing landscape. Spring comes weeks earlier along the warm southwest lakeshore than in the still-frozen Upper Peninsula.
Week by week in March
February 26 – March 4
- The first migrant red-winged blackbirds and common grackles return to the southern marshes, the male red-wings singing 'conk-la-ree' from the cattails.
- Maple-sap season is in full swing — buckets and tubing lines appear in sugarbushes across the state as the freeze-thaw cycle drives the sap.
- Start tomatoes, peppers, and eggplant indoors under lights in the south for transplants you'll set out after the May frost date.
March 5–11
- Sandhill cranes bugle back into southern Michigan wetlands and fields, and tundra swans stage on thawing lakes and flooded ground.
- Skunk cabbage generates its own heat to melt through ice in swampy seeps, and the first snowdrops and crocus open in sheltered southern gardens.
- Maple syrup, cream, and sugar fill the markets and sugar-shack open houses — the freshest, most local food of the late winter.
March 12–18
- American robins gather in noisy flocks on bare ground, and the first turkey vultures and killdeer return as migration builds.
- Silver and red maple flowers tint the southern treetops red, and pussy willows fuzz out their silvery catkins along wet ditches.
- The spring equinox nears — Orion sinks earlier in the west each night while Leo climbs in the east, the seasonal sky changing over.
March 19–25
- American woodcock perform their twilight sky-dance — a spiraling, buzzy display — over old fields and damp clearings at dusk.
- On the first warm, sunny afternoons, mourning cloaks emerge from behind bark to fly over still-snowy ground — the year's first butterflies.
- As southern soil dries and thaws, direct-sow the hardiest crops — peas, spinach, and radishes — and plant onion sets and asparagus crowns.
March 26 – April 1
- Eastern phoebes return to nest under eaves and bridges, and the first tree swallows reappear over the water and marshes.
- The precocious hepatica and spring beauty open the first true wildflowers on warm southern forest slopes.
- Buds visibly swell on southern hardwoods, and aspens and willows dangle their first catkins along wet ground.
Birds This Month
March is when migration kicks off in earnest. The most stirring arrivals are the sandhill cranes, whose bugling calls return to wetlands and fields across the south, and the tundra swans and waves of waterfowl that stage on thawing lakes and flooded fields — northern pintail, common and hooded mergansers, ring-necked ducks, and canvasbacks among them. Red-winged blackbirds and common grackles flood back, the male red-wings singing 'conk-la-ree' from every cattail marsh, and American robins — the state bird — gather in noisy flocks on bare ground.
The first turkey vultures drift north, killdeer call over fields, and eastern bluebirds and American woodcock return — the woodcock's twilight sky-dance, a spiraling buzz-and-chirp display, begins in March over old fields and damp clearings. Hawk migration starts to build; on south winds, watch for red-tailed hawks, red-shouldered hawks, and turkey vultures moving along the Lake Erie and Lake Michigan shorelines.
What's Blooming
March brings Michigan's very first blooms, beginning in the warm southwest near Lake Michigan and creeping north as the month goes on. The earliest woodland ephemerals push up through leaf litter and lingering snow: skunk cabbage generates its own heat to melt through ice in swampy seeps, and the first snowdrops, winter aconite, and crocus open in sheltered gardens. Silver maple and red maple flowers tint the southern treetops red, and pussy willows fuzz out along wet ditches.
By the end of the month in the south, the precocious hepatica and spring beauty may show their first flowers on warm forest slopes, and witch hazel finishes. Up north and across the interior, the ground is still frozen and snow-covered, and bloom is weeks away. This is the threshold week — the landscape browns out from snow to mud, and the green and color are just beginning to return at the southern edge.
Garden This Month
March is when Michigan gardening moves back outdoors, at least in the south. Indoors, the seed-starting shelf fills up: start tomatoes, peppers, eggplant, and slower flowers under lights, and keep the onions, leeks, and brassicas begun earlier growing on. Outdoors, as snow melts and beds dry enough to work without compacting, cut back last year's perennials and grasses, rake debris, and finish dormant pruning of apples, pears, and grapes before bud break.
In the warmer southern counties, direct-sow the hardiest cool-season crops late in the month — peas, spinach, lettuce, radishes, and kale — and plant onion sets and bare-root asparagus and rhubarb crowns. Hold off in the north, where the ground is still frozen. Don't rush to uncover perennials or rake too hard; Michigan's March warmth is unreliable, and hard frosts and even late snows are still certain everywhere in the state.
Zone 5a (mid-lower peninsula): start tomatoes, peppers, and other warm-season seeds indoors in late March, and as the soil dries and thaws, direct-sow the hardiest crops — peas, spinach, and radishes — toward month's end if the ground is workable.
Zone 5b (much of the lower peninsula): start tomatoes, peppers, and brassicas indoors under lights; outdoors, cut back last year's perennials and ornamental grasses, and prune fruit trees while still dormant before bud break.
Zone 6a (southwest lakeshore & far south): the season is open — direct-sow peas, spinach, lettuce, and radishes into workable soil, plant onion sets, and set out cole-crop transplants under cover late in the month.
What's at the Farmers Market
March is maple syrup season in Michigan, and it dominates the market. As days warm above freezing and nights stay cold, the sap runs hard in sugarbushes across the state, and fresh syrup, maple cream, and maple sugar appear at farm stands, sugar shacks, and indoor winter markets — many maple farms host open-house weekends this month. It's the freshest, most local food of the late winter.
Beyond the syrup, the markets still lean on storage crops nearing the end of their run: onions, potatoes, carrots, beets, cabbage, and winter squash, plus the last of the cold-stored apples and cider. Late in the month, the earliest cold-frame and hoop-house greens, spinach, and overwintered onions begin to appear from the few year-round growers. Buy syrup in the grade you prefer — darker grades carry stronger maple flavor — and store it cold once opened.
Night Sky This Month
March is the transition from the brilliant winter sky to the fainter stars of spring, and the spring equinox near month's end balances day and night. In the evening, Orion and the Winter Hexagon still shine in the southwest but sink earlier each night, while Leo the lion climbs in the east, his backward-question-mark 'Sickle' a clear marker that spring stars are arriving. The Big Dipper rides high in the northeast, its pointer stars aiming at Polaris.
There is no major meteor shower in March, making it a good month for general stargazing and for hunting deep-sky objects in Leo and Ursa Major with binoculars or a telescope. The longer, milder nights are easier to enjoy than January's brutal cold. From the dark northern parks — the Headlands and the Keweenaw — the aurora remains possible on geomagnetically active nights. The printable Michigan night-sky guide lists this year's planet positions and viewing windows for your part of the state.
Butterflies & Pollinators
March brings Michigan's first butterflies of the year, though only on the warmest, sunniest days and mostly in the south. The pioneers are the species that overwintered as adults: the mourning cloak is almost always the first, its dark, cream-edged wings appearing over still-snowy ground as it emerges from behind bark to bask and patrol sunny forest openings. Close behind come the eastern comma and question mark, both ragged-edged anglewings that share the overwintering-adult strategy.
These early fliers don't need flowers — there are almost none yet — so they take sap from broken branches and maple tap holes, mud minerals, and basking warmth instead. Sightings are scattered and weather-dependent; a 50-degree, sunny afternoon may produce one, while a return to cold sends them back into hiding. No new butterflies have hatched yet — every March flier is a survivor of last summer. Watch sunny, sheltered woodland edges on the warmest afternoons.
What to plant for them is in the Michigan native plants guide
Trees This Month
March is the heart of the sugar maple sap season, the buckets and tubing lines a familiar sight in the sugarbush as the freeze-thaw cycle drives the sweet sap upward. In the south, the earliest trees begin to flower before they leaf: silver maple and red maple redden the treetops with their tiny blooms, American hazelnut and alder dangle catkins, and aspen and willow buds swell and fuzz out along wet ground.
The pussy willows are a beloved March marker, their silvery catkins emerging along streamsides and ditches. The conifers — white pine, red pine, hemlock, and balsam fir — hold their green through the thaw, and up north the tamaracks remain bare. Buds are visibly swelling on many hardwoods by month's end in the south, the first sign of the leaf-out to come, while the northern forests stay locked in late winter.
The Michigan native plants guide covers what grows with them
Weather & Daylight
Across Michigan, a typical March day averages a high near 41°F and a low near 21°F, with about 2.0 inches of precipitation — statewide averages from the 1991–2020 U.S. climate normals.
Raw and unsettled, days climb into the 40s but mornings start near freezing, mud season arriving with heavier rain.
| Average high | 41°F |
|---|---|
| Average low | 21°F |
| Precipitation | 2.0 in |
| Sunrise (mid-month) | 7:53 ET |
| Sunset (mid-month) | 19:45 ET |
Figures are statewide averages over the 1991–2020 U.S. climate normals; local conditions vary with elevation and distance from the coast. Sunrise and sunset are computed for a midstate point on the 15th (ET).
Next month's version of this page, by email
One short note when Michigan's next month turns — what's arriving, blooming, and worth a night outside.
Go deeper with the Michigan guides
The complete Michigan birding, native-plant, and night-sky references — or the whole year, week by week, in one book.
Same month elsewhere: March in Minnesota · March in Mississippi · March in Missouri