North Dakota

Native Plants in North Dakota

The native plants that belong in North Dakota gardens — grouped by sun, soil, and wildlife value.

27 native plants suit North Dakota's ecoregions and USDA zones 3–4. Below they're grouped by how you'd use them — full sun, wet soil and rain gardens, dry, drought-prone ground, deer-resistant picks, groundcovers, pollinators, birds and hummingbirds — with a species table and when to plant.

Data updated: August 2026Sources & method · Corrections

When to plant natives in North Dakota

Plant after your last spring frost — roughly May 12 in the milder south to May 22 in the colder north. Fall is often even better for perennials and shrubs — the soil is still warm and roots settle before winter, ahead of the first frost around September 18 in the north to September 28 in the south.

For full sun

  • Black-Eyed Susan Rudbeckia hirta
  • Showy Milkweed Asclepias speciosa
  • Wild Bergamot Monarda fistulosa
  • Aromatic Aster Symphyotrichum oblongifolium
  • Stiff Goldenrod Solidago rigida
  • Prairie Blazing Star Liatris pycnostachya
  • Spotted Joe-Pye Weed Eutrochium maculatum
  • Anise Hyssop Agastache foeniculum
  • Purple Prairie Clover Dalea purpurea
  • Obedient Plant Physostegia virginiana
  • Blue Vervain Verbena hastata
  • Little Bluestem Schizachyrium scoparium
  • Big Bluestem Andropogon gerardii
  • Switchgrass Panicum virgatum
  • Sideoats Grama Bouteloua curtipendula

For wet soil & rain gardens

  • Spotted Joe-Pye Weed Eutrochium maculatum
  • Obedient Plant Physostegia virginiana
  • Blue Vervain Verbena hastata
  • Big Bluestem Andropogon gerardii
  • Switchgrass Panicum virgatum
  • Red-Twig Dogwood Cornus sericea

For dry, drought-prone spots

  • Black-Eyed Susan Rudbeckia hirta
  • Showy Milkweed Asclepias speciosa
  • Wild Bergamot Monarda fistulosa
  • Aromatic Aster Symphyotrichum oblongifolium
  • Stiff Goldenrod Solidago rigida
  • Prairie Blazing Star Liatris pycnostachya
  • Anise Hyssop Agastache foeniculum
  • Purple Prairie Clover Dalea purpurea
  • Little Bluestem Schizachyrium scoparium
  • Big Bluestem Andropogon gerardii
  • Switchgrass Panicum virgatum
  • Sideoats Grama Bouteloua curtipendula
  • Blue Grama Bouteloua gracilis
  • Maximilian Sunflower Helianthus maximiliani
  • Prairie Smoke Geum triflorum

Deer-resistant

  • Black-Eyed Susan Rudbeckia hirta
  • Wild Bergamot Monarda fistulosa
  • Aromatic Aster Symphyotrichum oblongifolium
  • Stiff Goldenrod Solidago rigida
  • Prairie Blazing Star Liatris pycnostachya
  • Anise Hyssop Agastache foeniculum
  • Purple Prairie Clover Dalea purpurea
  • Little Bluestem Schizachyrium scoparium
  • Big Bluestem Andropogon gerardii
  • Switchgrass Panicum virgatum
  • Sideoats Grama Bouteloua curtipendula
  • Blue Grama Bouteloua gracilis
  • Prairie Smoke Geum triflorum
  • Blanketflower Gaillardia aristata
  • Common Yarrow Achillea millefolium

Groundcovers

  • Blue Grama Bouteloua gracilis
  • Prairie Smoke Geum triflorum
  • Common Yarrow Achillea millefolium
  • Fragrant Sumac Rhus aromatica

For pollinators

  • Black-Eyed Susan Rudbeckia hirta
  • Showy Milkweed Asclepias speciosa
  • Wild Bergamot Monarda fistulosa
  • Aromatic Aster Symphyotrichum oblongifolium
  • Stiff Goldenrod Solidago rigida
  • Prairie Blazing Star Liatris pycnostachya
  • Spotted Joe-Pye Weed Eutrochium maculatum
  • Anise Hyssop Agastache foeniculum
  • Purple Prairie Clover Dalea purpurea
  • Obedient Plant Physostegia virginiana
  • Blue Vervain Verbena hastata
  • Maximilian Sunflower Helianthus maximiliani
  • Prairie Smoke Geum triflorum
  • Blanketflower Gaillardia aristata
  • Common Yarrow Achillea millefolium

For birds

  • Black-Eyed Susan Rudbeckia hirta
  • Stiff Goldenrod Solidago rigida
  • Blue Vervain Verbena hastata
  • Little Bluestem Schizachyrium scoparium
  • Big Bluestem Andropogon gerardii
  • Switchgrass Panicum virgatum
  • Sideoats Grama Bouteloua curtipendula
  • Blue Grama Bouteloua gracilis
  • Maximilian Sunflower Helianthus maximiliani
  • Red-Twig Dogwood Cornus sericea
  • Fragrant Sumac Rhus aromatica
  • Western Serviceberry Amelanchier alnifolia
  • Wood's Rose Rosa woodsii
  • Chokecherry Prunus virginiana

For hummingbirds

  • Wild Bergamot Monarda fistulosa
  • Anise Hyssop Agastache foeniculum
  • Obedient Plant Physostegia virginiana

Identify North Dakota wildflowers by color

Bloom colorNative wildflowers (typical U.S. bloom)
BlueAromatic Aster — Sky blue (Sep–Nov), Blue Flax — Sky blue, paper-thin petals (May–Jul)
GoldBlack-Eyed Susan — Golden yellow (Jun–Sep), Stiff Goldenrod — Flat gold heads (Aug–Oct), Maximilian Sunflower — Golden yellow (Aug–Oct), Prairie Coneflower — Yellow with a tall brown cone (Jun–Aug)
MagentaPrairie Blazing Star — Purple-magenta (Jul–Aug), Purple Prairie Clover — Rose-purple (Jun–Jul)
OrangeBlanketflower — Red & gold (Jun–Sep)
PinkShowy Milkweed — Star-shaped pink (Jun–Jul), Spotted Joe-Pye Weed — Mauve-pink (Jul–Sep), Obedient Plant — Pink (Aug–Sep), Prairie Smoke — Dusky pink nodding bells (Apr–May)
PurpleWild Bergamot — Lavender (Jun–Aug), Anise Hyssop — Lavender-blue (Jun–Sep), Blue Vervain — Violet-blue (Jul–Sep)
WhiteCommon Yarrow — White (wild form) (May–Aug)

Bloom months are a typical window across the species' U.S. range, not a local calendar — the same plant opens weeks later in the north and at altitude than it does in the south. Use it for ordering the season, and let the plants in front of you set the dates.

All 27 native plants for North Dakota

PlantTypeSunSoil moistureHeightTypical bloom (U.S.)
Black-Eyed Susan
Rudbeckia hirta
Perennial wildflowerFull sun / Part sunDry / Medium1.5–3 ftJun–Sep
Showy Milkweed
Asclepias speciosa
Perennial wildflowerFull sunDry / Medium2–4 ftJun–Jul
Wild Bergamot
Monarda fistulosa
Perennial wildflowerFull sun / Part sunDry / Medium2–4 ftJun–Aug
Aromatic Aster
Symphyotrichum oblongifolium
Perennial wildflowerFull sunDry1.5–2.5 ftSep–Nov
Stiff Goldenrod
Solidago rigida
Perennial wildflowerFull sunDry / Medium3–5 ftAug–Oct
Prairie Blazing Star
Liatris pycnostachya
Perennial wildflowerFull sunDry / Medium3–5 ftJul–Aug
Spotted Joe-Pye Weed
Eutrochium maculatum
Perennial wildflowerFull sun / Part sunWet / Medium4–7 ftJul–Sep
Anise Hyssop
Agastache foeniculum
Perennial wildflowerFull sun / Part sunDry / Medium2–4 ftJun–Sep
Purple Prairie Clover
Dalea purpurea
Perennial wildflowerFull sunDry1–3 ftJun–Jul
Obedient Plant
Physostegia virginiana
Perennial wildflowerFull sun / Part sunMedium / Wet2–4 ftAug–Sep
Blue Vervain
Verbena hastata
Perennial wildflowerFull sun / Part sunWet / Medium3–5 ftJul–Sep
Little Bluestem
Schizachyrium scoparium
Ornamental grassFull sunDry / Medium2–4 ft
Big Bluestem
Andropogon gerardii
Ornamental grassFull sunDry / Medium / Wet4–7 ft
Switchgrass
Panicum virgatum
Ornamental grassFull sun / Part sunDry / Medium / Wet3–6 ft
Sideoats Grama
Bouteloua curtipendula
Ornamental grassFull sunDry1.5–2.5 ftJun–Jul
Blue Grama
Bouteloua gracilis
Ornamental grassFull sunDry8–20 inJun–Aug
Maximilian Sunflower
Helianthus maximiliani
Perennial wildflowerFull sunDry / Medium5–8 ftAug–Oct
Prairie Smoke
Geum triflorum
Perennial wildflowerFull sun / Part sunDry6–16 inApr–May
Blanketflower
Gaillardia aristata
Perennial wildflowerFull sunDry1–2.5 ftJun–Sep
Common Yarrow
Achillea millefolium
Perennial wildflowerFull sunDry / Medium1.5–3 ftMay–Aug
Red-Twig Dogwood
Cornus sericea
ShrubFull sun / Part sunWet / Medium6–9 ftMay–Jun
Fragrant Sumac
Rhus aromatica
ShrubFull sun / Part sunDry2–6 ftMar–Apr
Western Serviceberry
Amelanchier alnifolia
Large shrub or small treeFull sun / Part sunDry / Medium6–15 ftApr–May
Blue Flax
Linum lewisii
Perennial wildflowerFull sunDry / Medium1–2 ftMay–Jul
Wood's Rose
Rosa woodsii
ShrubFull sun / Part sunDry / Medium2–6 ftJun–Jul
Prairie Coneflower
Ratibida columnifera
Perennial wildflowerFull sunDry / Medium1.5–3 ftJun–Aug
Chokecherry
Prunus virginiana
Large shrub or small treeFull sun / Part sunMedium / Dry10–20 ftMay–Jun

Bloom months are a typical window across the species' U.S. range, not a local calendar — the same plant opens weeks later in the north and at altitude than it does in the south. Use it for ordering the season, and let the plants in front of you set the dates.

Confirm any plant is native to your county with your state Native Plant Society before planting.

The North Dakota natives worth asking for

The natives worth asking for in North Dakota — with the botanical name to say at the counter, so you get the plant that feeds something.

The complete Native Plants of North Dakota

The native plants that belong in your yard — what to plant for pollinators, by zone, with bloom timing and a species table.

Want it on paper? See the printable Native Plants of North Dakota.