Washington, D.C. Nature Guide: December 2026
Data updated: August 2026Sources & method · Corrections
December settles the District into winter — rafts of waterfowl and gathered Bald Eagles ride the rivers, the Christmas Bird Count tallies the city's winter birdlife, and the bare ravines of Rock Creek reveal a wild capital stripped to its bones.
Week by week in December
December 3–9
- Wintering ducks and eagles concentrate on the open river water, easiest to find on the coldest, clearest days.
- The bare American elms of the Mall and the Tidal Basin cherries reveal their full winter architecture.
- Orion climbs the southeast by mid-evening, leading the dazzling winter parade of bright stars.
December 10–16
- The Geminid meteor shower peaks around December 14, dozens of slow, bright meteors from Gemini high in the east.
- The Christmas Bird Count season tallies the District's winter species across Rock Creek, the rivers, and the parks.
- Witch hazel may still show in warm Arboretum beds, and the first hellebores nose up in sheltered gardens.
December 17–23
- The winter solstice around December 21 brings the year's longest nights and the lesser Ursid meteor shower.
- Pileated and red-bellied woodpeckers, brown creepers, and golden-crowned kinglets work the bare Rock Creek woods.
- Water evergreens before a hard freeze and keep mulch banked over garlic and tender perennials.
December 24–31
- Wintering canvasbacks, mergansers, and tundra swans ride the rivers, with Bald Eagles gathered over the Anacostia and Arboretum.
- American holly heavy with red berries and the mottled riverside sycamores stand out against the bare winter canopy.
- Mourning cloaks sleep as full adults in Rock Creek's woodpiles and bark, ready to fly on the first warm thaw.
Birds This Month
December is full winter birding in the District, and the season of the Christmas Bird Count, when birders tally the city's winter species. The Potomac and Anacostia hold their wintering rafts — canvasbacks, ring-necked ducks, buffleheads, hooded and common mergansers, ruddy ducks, and tundra swans some years — and Bald Eagles gather along the rivers and over the National Arboretum.
Feeders and brushy edges peak with Northern Cardinals, Carolina chickadees, tufted titmice, white-throated sparrows, dark-eyed juncos, white-breasted nuthatches, and finches, with Cooper's hawks hunting the crowds. Rock Creek's bare woods make pileated and red-bellied woodpeckers, brown creepers, golden-crowned kinglets, and winter wrens easy to find.
This month's tip: join or follow a local Christmas Bird Count, and scan the open river water on the coldest days, when waterfowl concentrate and eagles perch in the bare riverside trees.
What's Blooming
December offers the District almost no wild bloom, but the cold-season garden and a few hardy plants keep some color. In sheltered Capitol Hill and Georgetown gardens and the warm beds of the U.S. National Arboretum and Dumbarton Oaks, late witch hazel may still show, and the earliest Lenten roses (hellebores) and the first winter aconite push up toward month's end in the mildest spots.
The lasting display is structure and fruit: the red berries of American holly, winterberry, nandina, and hawthorn; the blue cones of red cedar; the persistent fruit of crabapple and beautyberry; and the tan, frost-rimed seedheads of coneflower, aster, and grass in the Kenilworth and Arboretum meadows, which feed goldfinches, juncos, and sparrows. Pansies, kale, and evergreen boughs carry the city's winter plantings through the holidays.
Garden This Month
December is the District's quietest garden month, but the mild zone-7 winter and the city's heat island leave more to do than the calendar suggests. Overwintered kale, collards, spinach, mâche, and leeks survive in cold frames and under low tunnels, sweeter after frost, and can be cut through a thaw. Keep mulch banked over garlic, asparagus crowns, and tender perennials, and water newly planted trees, shrubs, and evergreens during dry, unfrozen spells to carry them through winter.
Finish planting any remaining bulbs while the ground is workable, take hardwood cuttings, and protect broadleaf evergreens like holly and boxwood from drying winter wind. Clean, sharpen, and oil tools, drain and store hoses, and start planning next year's beds and ordering seed. Leave perennial seedheads, brush piles, and leaf litter standing where you can — they shelter overwintering butterflies and insects and feed the winter birds working your garden.
Zone 7a (cooler uplands and Rock Creek corridor): the ground freezes intermittently — keep a thick mulch over garlic and perennials, and harvest the last hardy greens under cover during thaws. Water evergreens before a hard freeze.
Zone 7b (warmer downtown and riverside core): the urban warmth keeps cold frames and low tunnels producing kale, spinach, and mâche through much of the month. Plant any remaining bulbs in unfrozen ground.
What's at the Farmers Market
December markets in D.C. return to a winter footing, with Eastern Market and the year-round FreshFarm stalls leaning on storage and protected crops for the holidays. Expect sweet winter squash, sweet potatoes, potatoes, onions, carrots, beets, parsnips, turnips, celeriac, and cabbage, plus frost-sweetened kale, collards, Brussels sprouts, and overwintered spinach.
Cold-stored apples and pears hold their crunch, and you'll find cranberries, local honey, eggs, mushrooms, cider, stone-milled grains, and evergreen wreaths and greens. Choose root vegetables that are firm and heavy and keep them cold and humid in the crisper; pick winter squash that feels hard with a dry, corky stem and store it cool and dry rather than refrigerated; choose Brussels sprouts on the stalk for the longest keeping. The winter market is small, festive, and built around the season's storage harvest.
The Washington, D.C. native plants guide covers what grows here
Night Sky This Month
December gives the District its longest nights of the year around the winter solstice near December 21, and the most dazzling sky. Orion climbs the southeast by mid-evening, with Sirius blazing below, the Pleiades and orange Aldebaran high overhead, and the full winter hexagon of bright stars wheeling across the sky.
The Geminid meteor shower, one of the best of the year, peaks around December 14, throwing dozens of slow, bright meteors from Gemini high in the east — visible all night and well worth bundling up for at an open spot like Hains Point or the river overlooks. The lesser Ursid shower follows near the solstice. The winter Milky Way trails faintly through Orion and Auriga beyond the city's glow.
For the Geminids and the darkest skies, drive into rural Maryland or Virginia and dress warmly. The printable Washington, D.C. night-sky guide gives this year's Geminid timing and planet positions for the District.
Butterflies & Pollinators
December finds the District's butterflies entirely in winter quarters, but they are present, not gone. The mourning cloak, eastern comma, and question mark overwinter as full adults, wedged behind loose bark, in woodpiles, and in the rock crevices of Rock Creek Park's wooded ravines; in a rare December thaw, when the city's heat island lifts the temperature into the high 50s, a mourning cloak may even glide briefly along a sunlit trail. The rest of the year's species wait out the cold in their own stages and microhabitats: spicebush and tiger swallowtails as camouflaged brown chrysalides on spicebush and tulip-tree twigs, red-spotted purples as half-grown caterpillars rolled into leaf shelters on young cherries and oaks, and countless skippers and other species as eggs and larvae in the leaf litter. The monarchs that passed through in fall are now clustered in the Mexican mountains. Leave the brush piles, leaf litter, and standing stems undisturbed through winter — they are the dormitories that will return the District's butterflies in spring.
What to plant for them is in the Washington, D.C. native plants guide
Trees This Month
December reveals the District's trees at their barest and most sculptural. The historic American elms of the National Mall and Capitol Hill stand as gray vase-shaped silhouettes, the Tidal Basin Yoshino cherries ring the water as a dark lattice with next spring's flower buds already set, and the towering tulip trees, oaks, and beeches of Rock Creek show their full architecture against the winter sky.
The evergreens hold the color now: native American holly heavy with red berries, eastern red cedar, and the Virginia and shortleaf pines of the dry uplands. Young scarlet and white oaks and the American beeches keep tan, papery marcescent leaves through the cold. The smooth gray beech trunks and the mottled, peeling bark of the riverside sycamores along the Potomac are at their most striking with the canopy stripped bare — the wild bones of the capital revealed for the winter.
The Washington, D.C. native plants guide covers what grows with them
Weather & Daylight
Across Washington, D.C., a typical December day averages a high near 47°F and a low near 29°F, with about 3.7 inches of precipitation — District-wide averages from the 1991–2020 U.S. climate normals.
Winter returns in earnest, chilly upper-40s afternoons sinking into cold high-20s nights, with frequent damp, gray precipitation.
| Average high | 47°F |
|---|---|
| Average low | 29°F |
| Precipitation | 3.7 in |
| Sunrise (mid-month) | 7:20 ET |
| Sunset (mid-month) | 16:47 ET |
Figures are District-wide averages over the 1991–2020 U.S. climate normals; local conditions vary with elevation and distance from the coast. Sunrise and sunset are computed for a midstate point on the 15th (ET). Temperature and precipitation use Maryland District-wide normals (the District has no separate climate series).
Next month's version of this page, by email
One short note when Washington, D.C.'s next month turns — what's arriving, blooming, and worth a night outside.
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The complete Washington, D.C. birding, native-plant, and night-sky references — or the whole year, week by week, in one book.
Same month elsewhere: December in Florida · December in Georgia · December in Idaho