July is the steamy heart of Florida's wet season — daily thunderstorms drench the flatwoods, sea turtles crowd the dark beaches to nest, and the first southbound shorebirds trickle back. Mangoes and tropical fruit peak, the garden runs on heat-lovers, and the warm nights open onto the brilliant southern Milky Way between the storms.
Week by week in July
July 2–8
- The first southbound shorebirds — least and western sandpipers, short-billed dowitchers — return to the coastal flats, the leading edge of fall migration.
- The southern Milky Way is at its glorious best, riding high over the flat prairie on clear nights between the thunderstorms.
- South Florida mangoes hit their peak as one of the great fruit seasons in the country fills the markets.
July 9–15
- Swallow-tailed Kites stage in large pre-migration roosts over the south before streaming toward South America.
- Marsh edges bloom heavily with swamp lily, pickerelweed, alligator flag, and fragrant white water lily in the wet season.
- Start tomato and pepper seedlings indoors now for the all-important fall garden, timed to transplant in late summer.
July 16–22
- South Florida's tropical specialties — julia, mangrove buckeye, and the rare Schaus' swallowtail — fly in the Keys and hammocks.
- Mango and avocado trees hang heavy with ripening fruit as the strangler figs and gumbo-limbos push vigorous growth.
- The Summer Triangle rides high overhead while the dense star clouds of Sagittarius pour out the galactic center.
July 23–29
- Southbound shorebirds build on the mudflats at Merritt Island and Fort De Soto as the summer residents finish nesting.
- Lychees, longans, mamey sapote, and the first guava join the abundant mangoes at the tropical-fruit stands.
- Solarize empty beds under clear plastic in the fierce sun to kill nematodes and weeds before the fall planting.
Birds This Month
July is the hot, quiet heart of summer for Florida's birds, but fall migration already begins at its edges. The first southbound shorebirds return to the coastal flats and impoundments — Least, Western, and Semipalmated Sandpipers, Short-billed Dowitchers, Lesser Yellowlegs, and Wilson's Plovers — at places like Merritt Island NWR, Fort De Soto, and the Gulf-coast mudflats, the leading edge of the autumn movement. Swallow-tailed Kites stage in large pre-migration flocks over the south Florida cypress before their journey to South America, an impressive late-July spectacle.
The summer residents are still nesting and feeding young. Painted and Indigo Buntings, Northern Parula, Yellow-throated and Prothonotary Warblers, Summer Tanagers, Great Crested Flycatchers, and Yellow-billed Cuckoos sing through the humid mornings, and the beach colonies of Least Terns, Black Skimmers, and plovers fledge their chicks. The wading-bird rookeries disperse as the rains refill the marshes, and Roseate Spoonbills, Wood Storks, Reddish Egrets, and herons spread out to feed. The endemic Florida Scrub-Jay family groups roam the scrub, Limpkins wail from the spring runs, and Northern Mockingbirds, the state bird, sing through the warm nights.
What's Blooming
July's wildflowers thrive on the abundant wet-season rains. The marsh edges, ditches, and cypress swamps bloom with string-lily (swamp lily), pickerelweed, alligator flag, arrowhead, spatterdock, and the fragrant white water lily, and the wet prairies green with summer growth. The showy pine lily (Catesby's lily) raises its large upright red-orange flowers in the moist flatwoods and savannas, one of the most spectacular native flowers of the season.
The wet pine flatwoods and Panhandle bogs are at their summer richest — meadowbeauty, yellow-eyed grass, hatpins, colicroot, and the carnivorous sundews, pitcher plants, and bladderworts. South Florida's hammocks and dunes keep their tropical bloom going with firebush, beach sunflower, railroad vine, scorpionstail, and tropical sage, and the beautyberry sets its bright purple fruit. Gardens overflow through the heat with pentas, salvia, firebush, plumbago, porterweed, gaillardia, and zinnia, and the fragrant frangipani (plumeria), gardenia, and tropical water lilies of the steamy summer.
Garden This Month
July is the hottest, wettest, most challenging month in the Florida garden — the deep summer 'off-season.' The daily thunderstorms and oppressive humidity make conventional vegetables nearly impossible, and the garden runs on the heat-tolerant Southern and tropical crops: okra, southern (field) peas, sweet potatoes, boniato, calabaza, malanga, Malabar spinach, yard-long beans, seminole pumpkin, and tropical herbs. Harvest these heat-lovers regularly, and keep beds well-drained so the pounding rains do not drown the roots.
Much of July's work is preparation for the all-important fall garden. Late in the month, central and north Florida gardeners start tomato, pepper, eggplant, and broccoli seedlings indoors or under cover, timed to transplant in late August and September for the fall harvest — Florida's second main growing season. Solarize empty beds under clear plastic in the fierce sun to kill nematodes and weed seeds, or cover-crop with cowpeas or sunn hemp to build soil. Mulch heavily against the explosive weeds, stay vigilant for fungal disease and insect pressure, and continue establishing newly planted tropical-fruit trees in the abundant summer rains.
Zone 10b (the lower east coast & south Florida): the wet tropical summer continues. Grow boniato, malanga, calabaza, okra, and tropical greens, use the rains to establish tropical-fruit trees, and stay ahead of fungal disease in the humidity.
Zone 8b (north Florida & the Panhandle): the hottest, wettest stretch. Lean on okra, southern peas, sweet potatoes, and eggplant, keep beds well-drained against the daily rains, and toward month's end start tomato and pepper seedlings indoors for the fall garden.
Zone 9b (central Florida): the deep summer 'off-season.' Grow okra, southern peas, calabaza, and tropical greens, cover-crop or solarize empty beds, and begin starting fall tomato and pepper transplants under cover late in the month.
What's at the Farmers Market
July markets are all about south Florida's tropical fruit at its summer peak. Mangoes are abundant — the boxes overflow with dozens of named varieties from the Miami-Dade and Indian River groves, the peak of one of the great fruit seasons in the country. Florida avocados (the large light-green tropical type) keep coming, along with lychees, longans, mamey sapote, carambola (starfruit), canistel, jackfruit, and the first sapodilla from the tropical-fruit country.
The mainland vegetable harvest is at its summer minimum in the heat, but the markets carry okra, southern peas, eggplant, hot peppers, boniato, calabaza, and tropical greens from the summer fields. Florida honey is at its finest, with the saw-palmetto, gallberry, mangrove, and Brazilian-pepper honeys coming in. Choose mangoes that yield slightly and smell fragrant at the stem, ripening firm ones on the counter then refrigerating; pick lychees and longans with firm bright shells and refrigerate them; judge a Florida avocado by a gentle give near the stem; and refrigerate the soft tropical fruit and use it promptly once ripe.
Night Sky This Month
July's nights are warm, humid, and frequently interrupted by the wet season's thunderstorms, but on clear nights the southern Milky Way is at its glorious best, riding high and bright at Florida's low latitude. Kissimmee Prairie Preserve State Park, Florida's first certified International Dark Sky Park, and the vast unlit skies of Big Cypress National Preserve and the Everglades offer the darkest views — plan around the storms, which usually clear after sunset to leave a steamy, transparent dome over the flat prairie.
The heart of the Milky Way dominates the south after dark: golden Antares glows in the curving Scorpius, and the teapot of Sagittarius pours out the dense star clouds, nebulae, and globular clusters of the galactic center — a spectacular field for binoculars from a dark Florida site, and one that climbs higher here than across most of the country. Overhead, the Summer Triangle of Vega, Deneb, and Altair rides high. There is no major meteor shower this month, but the southern Milky Way alone rewards a moonless night. The printable Florida night-sky guide lists this year's planet positions and dark-sky sites for your region.
Butterflies & Pollinators
July keeps Florida's butterflies abundant through the wet-season heat, with the tropical species especially active in the south. The state butterfly, the zebra longwing, floats through shaded gardens and hammocks, and the gulf fritillary swarms passionflower. The big swallowtails — giant, palamedes, spicebush, and eastern tiger — patrol the woods, and cloudless and orange-barred sulphurs, white peacocks, common buckeyes, long-tailed and tropical checkered skippers, and the coastal great southern whites fly between the afternoon storms.
The summer rains keep the south Florida tropical specialties on the wing — the ruddy daggerwing on strangler fig, the Florida and dingy purplewings, mangrove and tropical buckeyes, julia, statira sulphur, and the endangered Schaus' swallowtail in the Keys hardwood hammocks. The atala hairstreak is conspicuous on coontie along the southeast coast, and monarchs and queens breed on milkweed across the peninsula. The summer wildflowers and flowering trees — firebush, pentas, porterweed, salvia, passionflower, and Spanish needles — keep nectar abundant. Watch for the daily storms to pass and the butterflies return to the steaming afternoon sun.
What to plant for them is in the Florida native plants guide
Trees This Month
July trees stand in the full lush green of Florida's wet season. The sabal palm, the state tree, holds its tall flower spikes and begins setting clusters of small green fruit above the fan crowns. The southern magnolias finish their main bloom and set knobby cone-like fruits, and the beautyberry sets its bright purple berry clusters in the understory.
South Florida's tropical trees are heavy with fruit and growth: the mango and avocado trees hang with ripening fruit, the royal poinciana sets long seed pods after its scarlet bloom, and the seagrape ripens purple clusters along the dunes. The red mangroves of the Keys and south coast drop their long propagules to root in the tidal mud, anchoring the estuaries. The bald cypress swamps of Corkscrew and Big Cypress are dense, dark green and flooded by the rains, the strangler figs and gumbo-limbos push vigorous growth in the hammocks, and the Panhandle longleaf pines and moss-draped live oaks hold their full crowns through the steamy days, their acorns and cones developing for the fall.
Weather & Daylight
Across Florida, a typical July day averages a high near 92°F and a low near 73°F, with about 7.2 inches of precipitation — statewide averages from the 1991–2020 U.S. climate normals.
Peak heat and humidity, low 90s by day and steamy mid-70s nights, with frequent drenching afternoon storms.
| Average high | 92°F |
|---|---|
| Average low | 73°F |
| Precipitation | 7.2 in |
| Sunrise (mid-month) | 6:41 ET |
| Sunset (mid-month) | 20:27 ET |
Figures are statewide averages over the 1991–2020 U.S. climate normals; local conditions vary with elevation and distance from the coast. Sunrise and sunset are computed for a midstate point on the 15th (ET).
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Same month elsewhere: July in Georgia · July in Idaho · July in Illinois