February is winter loosening its grip on Kentucky — still cold and often snowy in the eastern mountains, but with lengthening days, the first sap rising in the sugar maples, and the very earliest stirrings of spring in the milder western counties. It is the turning month, when the eagles still hold at Land Between the Lakes but the cardinals begin to sing.
Week by week in February
January 29 – February 4
- Bald eagles are repairing nests at Land Between the Lakes, Kentucky's earliest nesters, and great horned owls are hooting on territory.
- Sap begins to rise in the sugar maples of the eastern hills as the freeze-and-thaw weather sets in.
- Country-ham season is at its prime at the indoor Lexington and Louisville winter markets.
February 5–11
- Native witch-hazel opens its thread-like yellow flowers in sheltered eastern ravines, the first bloom of the year.
- Carolina chickadees, titmice, and cardinals sing in earnest now, and woodpeckers start drumming on the warmer mornings.
- Start onions, leeks, and the earliest brassicas under lights, and finish dormant pruning of fruit trees and grapes.
February 12–18
- Snowdrops, winter aconite, and the first crocuses emerge in Bluegrass gardens and old homesteads.
- Flower buds swell and redden on the silver and red maples of the river bottoms — the earliest tree color of the year.
- The very first maple syrup appears as the eastern sugar maples begin to run.
February 19–25
- On the first warm, sunny afternoons in the west, an overwintered mourning cloak may glide through the bare bottomland woods.
- Waterfowl begin to shift north as tundra swans and ducks feel the pull, and the first sandhill cranes may pass over.
- On a workable late-February day in central and western Kentucky, direct-sow peas, spinach, and radishes.
Birds This Month
February brings the first audible turn toward spring even as winter birding peaks. On milder mornings, northern cardinals, Carolina wrens, tufted titmice, and Carolina chickadees begin singing in earnest, and red-bellied and downy woodpeckers start drumming. Feeders still draw the full winter cast — dark-eyed juncos, white-throated and white-crowned sparrows, American goldfinches beginning to molt, and house finches.
The wintering bald eagles remain concentrated at Land Between the Lakes and along the Ohio and Mississippi rivers, and many are now repairing nests and sitting eggs by late month — Kentucky's earliest nesters. At Sloughs WMA and the western wetlands, waterfowl numbers stay high but begin to shift as tundra swans and ducks feel the pull north, and the first sandhill cranes may pass over. Great horned owls are already on eggs in the woodlots, hooting through the cold February nights.
What's Blooming
The first blooms of the Kentucky year appear in February in the mildest spots. Native witch-hazel opens its thread-like yellow flowers in the eastern ravines, and along the seeps and creek banks of the Cumberland Plateau the strange maroon hoods of skunk cabbage push up, generating their own heat to melt through ice. In Bluegrass gardens and old homesteads, the snow-defying snowdrops, winter aconite, and crocuses emerge, and the witch-hazel cultivars and winter jasmine bloom on sheltered walls.
By late February in the warmest western and southern counties, the very first native ephemerals stir — harbinger-of-spring in the rich woods and the first spring beauty leaves pushing up. The red flower buds swell on the silver and red maples in the bottomlands, the earliest tree color of the year. It is still mostly a season of promise rather than display, but the woods are no longer entirely asleep.
Garden This Month
February is when Kentucky gardening shifts from planning to doing. Indoors, start onions, leeks, celery, and the earliest cabbage and broccoli under grow lights, and toward month's end start the slow peppers in the warmer parts of the state. This is the last good window for dormant pruning of apples, pears, and grapevines, and for cutting back ornamental grasses and spent perennials before new growth begins.
Outdoors, the soil is beginning to wake. On a dry, workable late-February day in central and western Kentucky, you can direct-sow the toughest cool-season crops — peas, spinach, radishes, and lettuce — and set out onion sets and asparagus crowns. Keep row cover handy, because hard freezes still return through the month. In the eastern mountains the ground stays frozen longer; hold there and keep the indoor seed-starting going. It's also the right time to apply dormant oil to fruit trees on a still, above-freezing day.
Zone 6b (central Kentucky & the Bluegrass): start onions, leeks, and the earliest brassicas under lights, and on a thawed late-February day sow peas, spinach, and radishes if the soil is workable. Finish dormant pruning of fruit trees and grapes around Lexington before the sap fully rises.
Zone 7a (the far western Purchase region): the mildest corner is ready first — direct-sow peas, spinach, lettuce, and radishes in workable soil, set out onion sets, and transplant the hardiest brassicas under row cover late in the month.
What's at the Farmers Market
Kentucky's winter markets carry on through February with the storage harvest at its leanest but still good. The indoor Lexington and Louisville winter markets offer sweet potatoes, storage onions, garlic, potatoes, winter squash, cabbage, and the last of the cold-storage apples, along with cold-hardy hoop-house greens — spinach, kale, chard, and microgreens — that thrive in the cool houses.
This is the heart of country-ham season, the long-cured hams of Kentucky's heritage hog tradition reaching their prime, and the sorghum syrup from fall's cane harvest is still on the tables alongside honey, eggs, and home-canned preserves. Late in the month, the very first maple syrup may appear as the sugar maples of the eastern hills begin to run in the freeze-and-thaw weather. Store roots cool and humid, squash cool and dry, and keep greens refrigerated and used within a few days.
Night Sky This Month
February still offers long, often crystalline nights, and Kentucky's dark-sky sites are at their best while traffic and humidity are low. The Red River Gorge and Daniel Boone National Forest, the Land Between the Lakes with its Golden Pond Observatory, and Bernheim Forest south of Louisville all run cold-weather stargazing, and the high, exposed overlooks of the Cumberland Plateau give wide horizons.
The brilliant winter stars are still on display in the evening — Orion and his dogs, the Pleiades, and the Winter Hexagon dominate the south — but by late evening the spring sky begins to rise in the east, with Leo the Lion and bright Regulus climbing higher each night, a sure sign of the turning season. There is no major meteor shower in February, making it a fine month for tracing constellations and deep-sky objects like the Orion Nebula through binoculars. The printable Kentucky night-sky guide gives this year's Moon phases and planet positions for your county.
Butterflies & Pollinators
February is the threshold of Kentucky's butterfly year. Through most of the month frost still holds and the butterflies remain dormant, but on the first genuinely warm, sunny afternoons of late February — especially in the western and southern counties — the overwintering adults can stir and fly. The mourning cloak is the classic first flier, gliding through the bare bottomland woods after a winter spent wedged behind loose bark; with its dark, ragged-edged wings and antifreeze-laced blood, it can be on the wing over patches of lingering snow.
Two other overwintering adults may join it on a warm day: the eastern comma and the question mark, both cryptic, leaf-like anglewings that shelter in tree cavities and outbuildings through the cold and emerge to bask on sun-warmed trunks. They feed not on flowers but on tree sap, especially where the maples are beginning to bleed. The rest of Kentucky's butterflies are still eggs and chrysalises waiting for spring; February's brief fliers are a preview, not the opening of the season proper.
What to plant for them is in the Kentucky native plants guide
Trees This Month
February is when Kentucky's trees first stir. The sap rises in the sugar maples of the eastern hills during the classic freeze-and-thaw weather — cold nights and above-freezing days — and the small sugaring operations of Appalachia tap and boil through the month. The flower buds swell and redden on the silver and red maples of the river bottoms, the earliest tree color of the year, and by late month the red maples open their tiny crimson flowers in the warmer west.
The bare structure is still the main story. The white-limbed American sycamore glows along every river, the shaggy shagbark hickory and the smooth gray American beech stand out on the wooded slopes, and the native evergreens — eastern redcedar, shortleaf pine, and American holly — hold their color. Watch the catkins lengthen on the river birch, alder, and hazelnut along the streams, dangling and dusting pollen by month's end — the first flowering of the Kentucky tree year.
The Kentucky native plants guide covers what grows with them
Weather & Daylight
Across Kentucky, a typical February day averages a high near 48°F and a low near 28°F, with about 3.9 inches of precipitation — statewide averages from the 1991–2020 U.S. climate normals.
Still cold but loosening its grip, highs near 48F over damp ground, with nearly four inches of chilly rain.
| Average high | 48°F |
|---|---|
| Average low | 28°F |
| Precipitation | 3.9 in |
| Sunrise (mid-month) | 7:29 ET |
| Sunset (mid-month) | 18:18 ET |
Figures are statewide averages over the 1991–2020 U.S. climate normals; local conditions vary with elevation and distance from the coast. Sunrise and sunset are computed for a midstate point on the 15th (ET).
Next month's version of this page, by email
One short note when Kentucky's next month turns — what's arriving, blooming, and worth a night outside.
Go deeper with the Kentucky guides
The complete Kentucky birding, native-plant, and night-sky references — or the whole year, week by week, in one book.
Same month elsewhere: February in Louisiana · February in Maine · February in Maryland