New Hampshire

Native Plants in New Hampshire

The native plants that belong in New Hampshire gardens — grouped by sun, soil, and wildlife value.

40 native plants suit New Hampshire's ecoregions and USDA zones 3–6. Below they're grouped by how you'd use them — full sun, shade, wet soil and rain gardens, dry, drought-prone ground, deer-resistant picks, groundcovers, pollinators, birds and hummingbirds — with a species table and when to plant.

Data updated: August 2026Sources & method · Corrections

When to plant natives in New Hampshire

Plant after your last spring frost — roughly April 21 in the milder south to May 22 in the colder north. Fall is often even better for perennials and shrubs — the soil is still warm and roots settle before winter, ahead of the first frost around September 18 in the north to October 17 in the south.

For full sun

  • Purple Coneflower Echinacea purpurea
  • Black-Eyed Susan Rudbeckia hirta
  • Common Milkweed Asclepias syriaca
  • Swamp Milkweed Asclepias incarnata
  • Scarlet Beebalm Monarda didyma
  • New England Aster Symphyotrichum novae-angliae
  • Cardinal Flower Lobelia cardinalis
  • Foxglove Beardtongue Penstemon digitalis
  • Wild Lupine Lupinus perennis
  • Spotted Joe-Pye Weed Eutrochium maculatum
  • Common Boneset Eupatorium perfoliatum
  • Golden Alexanders Zizia aurea
  • Short-Toothed Mountain Mint Pycnanthemum muticum
  • Obedient Plant Physostegia virginiana
  • Blue Vervain Verbena hastata

For shade

  • Wild Columbine Aquilegia canadensis
  • Wild Geranium Geranium maculatum
  • Foamflower Tiarella cordifolia
  • Wild Ginger Asarum canadense
  • Christmas Fern Polystichum acrostichoides
  • Cinnamon Fern Osmundastrum cinnamomeum
  • Pennsylvania Sedge Carex pensylvanica
  • Arrowwood Viburnum Viburnum dentatum
  • Spicebush Lindera benzoin
  • Virginia Creeper Parthenocissus quinquefolia
  • Woodland Strawberry Fragaria vesca

For wet soil & rain gardens

  • Swamp Milkweed Asclepias incarnata
  • Scarlet Beebalm Monarda didyma
  • New England Aster Symphyotrichum novae-angliae
  • Cardinal Flower Lobelia cardinalis
  • Spotted Joe-Pye Weed Eutrochium maculatum
  • Common Boneset Eupatorium perfoliatum
  • Golden Alexanders Zizia aurea
  • Obedient Plant Physostegia virginiana
  • Blue Vervain Verbena hastata
  • Cinnamon Fern Osmundastrum cinnamomeum
  • Big Bluestem Andropogon gerardii
  • Buttonbush Cephalanthus occidentalis
  • Ninebark Physocarpus opulifolius
  • Red-Twig Dogwood Cornus sericea
  • Arrowwood Viburnum Viburnum dentatum

For dry, drought-prone spots

  • Purple Coneflower Echinacea purpurea
  • Black-Eyed Susan Rudbeckia hirta
  • Common Milkweed Asclepias syriaca
  • Foxglove Beardtongue Penstemon digitalis
  • Wild Lupine Lupinus perennis
  • Short-Toothed Mountain Mint Pycnanthemum muticum
  • Pennsylvania Sedge Carex pensylvanica
  • Creeping Phlox Phlox subulata
  • Little Bluestem Schizachyrium scoparium
  • Big Bluestem Andropogon gerardii
  • Common Yarrow Achillea millefolium
  • Ninebark Physocarpus opulifolius
  • New Jersey Tea Ceanothus americanus
  • Bearberry Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
  • Virginia Creeper Parthenocissus quinquefolia

Deer-resistant

  • Purple Coneflower Echinacea purpurea
  • Black-Eyed Susan Rudbeckia hirta
  • Wild Columbine Aquilegia canadensis
  • Foxglove Beardtongue Penstemon digitalis
  • Wild Lupine Lupinus perennis
  • Golden Alexanders Zizia aurea
  • Short-Toothed Mountain Mint Pycnanthemum muticum
  • Wild Geranium Geranium maculatum
  • Foamflower Tiarella cordifolia
  • Wild Ginger Asarum canadense
  • Christmas Fern Polystichum acrostichoides
  • Cinnamon Fern Osmundastrum cinnamomeum
  • Pennsylvania Sedge Carex pensylvanica
  • Creeping Phlox Phlox subulata
  • Little Bluestem Schizachyrium scoparium

Groundcovers

  • Wild Geranium Geranium maculatum
  • Foamflower Tiarella cordifolia
  • Wild Ginger Asarum canadense
  • Christmas Fern Polystichum acrostichoides
  • Pennsylvania Sedge Carex pensylvanica
  • Creeping Phlox Phlox subulata
  • Common Yarrow Achillea millefolium
  • Bearberry Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
  • Virginia Creeper Parthenocissus quinquefolia
  • Woodland Strawberry Fragaria vesca

For pollinators

  • Purple Coneflower Echinacea purpurea
  • Black-Eyed Susan Rudbeckia hirta
  • Common Milkweed Asclepias syriaca
  • Swamp Milkweed Asclepias incarnata
  • Scarlet Beebalm Monarda didyma
  • New England Aster Symphyotrichum novae-angliae
  • Wild Columbine Aquilegia canadensis
  • Cardinal Flower Lobelia cardinalis
  • Foxglove Beardtongue Penstemon digitalis
  • Wild Lupine Lupinus perennis
  • Spotted Joe-Pye Weed Eutrochium maculatum
  • Common Boneset Eupatorium perfoliatum
  • Golden Alexanders Zizia aurea
  • Short-Toothed Mountain Mint Pycnanthemum muticum
  • Obedient Plant Physostegia virginiana

For birds

  • Purple Coneflower Echinacea purpurea
  • Black-Eyed Susan Rudbeckia hirta
  • Blue Vervain Verbena hastata
  • Cinnamon Fern Osmundastrum cinnamomeum
  • Pennsylvania Sedge Carex pensylvanica
  • Little Bluestem Schizachyrium scoparium
  • Big Bluestem Andropogon gerardii
  • Buttonbush Cephalanthus occidentalis
  • Ninebark Physocarpus opulifolius
  • Red-Twig Dogwood Cornus sericea
  • Arrowwood Viburnum Viburnum dentatum
  • Spicebush Lindera benzoin
  • American Elderberry Sambucus canadensis
  • Winterberry Ilex verticillata
  • Serviceberry Amelanchier canadensis

For hummingbirds

  • Scarlet Beebalm Monarda didyma
  • Wild Columbine Aquilegia canadensis
  • Cardinal Flower Lobelia cardinalis
  • Foxglove Beardtongue Penstemon digitalis
  • Obedient Plant Physostegia virginiana
  • Buttonbush Cephalanthus occidentalis
  • New Jersey Tea Ceanothus americanus
  • Bearberry Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
  • Trumpet Honeysuckle Lonicera sempervirens

Identify New Hampshire wildflowers by color

Bloom colorNative wildflowers (typical U.S. bloom)
BlueWild Lupine — Blue-violet (Apr–Jun)
GoldBlack-Eyed Susan — Golden yellow (Jun–Sep), Golden Alexanders — Chartreuse-gold (Apr–Jun)
MagentaPurple Coneflower — Rosy purple (Jun–Sep)
PinkCommon Milkweed — Dusty mauve-pink (Jun–Jul), Swamp Milkweed — Rose pink (Jul–Aug), Spotted Joe-Pye Weed — Mauve-pink (Jul–Sep), Obedient Plant — Pink (Aug–Sep), Wild Geranium — Lavender-pink (Apr–Jun), Creeping Phlox — Pink to lavender (Apr–May)
PurpleNew England Aster — Royal purple (Sep–Oct), Blue Vervain — Violet-blue (Jul–Sep)
RedScarlet Beebalm — Scarlet red (Jul–Aug), Wild Columbine — Red & yellow (Apr–Jun), Cardinal Flower — Electric scarlet (Jul–Sep), Wild Ginger — Hidden maroon (Apr–May)
SilverShort-Toothed Mountain Mint — Silvery bracts (Jul–Sep)
WhiteFoxglove Beardtongue — White (May–Jun), Common Boneset — Foamy white (Aug–Sep), Foamflower — Foamy white (Apr–May), Common Yarrow — White (wild form) (May–Aug), Woodland Strawberry — Small white, five-petaled (Apr–Jun)

Bloom months are a typical window across the species' U.S. range, not a local calendar — the same plant opens weeks later in the north and at altitude than it does in the south. Use it for ordering the season, and let the plants in front of you set the dates.

All 40 native plants for New Hampshire

PlantTypeSunSoil moistureHeightTypical bloom (U.S.)
Purple Coneflower
Echinacea purpurea
Perennial wildflowerFull sun / Part sunDry / Medium2–4 ftJun–Sep
Black-Eyed Susan
Rudbeckia hirta
Perennial wildflowerFull sun / Part sunDry / Medium1.5–3 ftJun–Sep
Common Milkweed
Asclepias syriaca
Perennial wildflowerFull sun / Part sunDry / Medium3–5 ftJun–Jul
Swamp Milkweed
Asclepias incarnata
Perennial wildflowerFull sun / Part sunWet / Medium3–4 ftJul–Aug
Scarlet Beebalm
Monarda didyma
Perennial wildflowerFull sun / Part sunMedium / Wet2.5–4 ftJul–Aug
New England Aster
Symphyotrichum novae-angliae
Perennial wildflowerFull sun / Part sunMedium / Wet3–5 ftSep–Oct
Wild Columbine
Aquilegia canadensis
Perennial wildflowerPart sun / ShadeDry / Medium1–2.5 ftApr–Jun
Cardinal Flower
Lobelia cardinalis
Perennial wildflowerPart sun / Full sunWet / Medium2–4 ftJul–Sep
Foxglove Beardtongue
Penstemon digitalis
Perennial wildflowerFull sun / Part sunDry / Medium2–4 ftMay–Jun
Wild Lupine
Lupinus perennis
Perennial wildflowerFull sun / Part sunDry1–2 ftApr–Jun
Spotted Joe-Pye Weed
Eutrochium maculatum
Perennial wildflowerFull sun / Part sunWet / Medium4–7 ftJul–Sep
Common Boneset
Eupatorium perfoliatum
Perennial wildflowerFull sun / Part sunWet / Medium3–5 ftAug–Sep
Golden Alexanders
Zizia aurea
Perennial wildflowerFull sun / Part sunMedium / Wet1.5–2.5 ftApr–Jun
Short-Toothed Mountain Mint
Pycnanthemum muticum
Perennial wildflowerFull sun / Part sunMedium / Dry2–3 ftJul–Sep
Obedient Plant
Physostegia virginiana
Perennial wildflowerFull sun / Part sunMedium / Wet2–4 ftAug–Sep
Blue Vervain
Verbena hastata
Perennial wildflowerFull sun / Part sunWet / Medium3–5 ftJul–Sep
Wild Geranium
Geranium maculatum
Perennial wildflowerPart sun / ShadeMedium1.5–2 ftApr–Jun
Foamflower
Tiarella cordifolia
Perennial wildflowerPart sun / ShadeMedium6–12 inApr–May
Wild Ginger
Asarum canadense
GroundcoverShade / Part sunMedium4–8 inApr–May
Christmas Fern
Polystichum acrostichoides
FernShade / Part sunMedium / Dry1–2 ft
Cinnamon Fern
Osmundastrum cinnamomeum
FernPart sun / ShadeWet / Medium2–4 ft
Pennsylvania Sedge
Carex pensylvanica
SedgeShade / Part sunDry / Medium6–12 in
Creeping Phlox
Phlox subulata
GroundcoverFull sun / Part sunDry / Medium4–8 inApr–May
Little Bluestem
Schizachyrium scoparium
Ornamental grassFull sunDry / Medium2–4 ft
Big Bluestem
Andropogon gerardii
Ornamental grassFull sunDry / Medium / Wet4–7 ft
Common Yarrow
Achillea millefolium
Perennial wildflowerFull sunDry / Medium1.5–3 ftMay–Aug
Buttonbush
Cephalanthus occidentalis
ShrubFull sun / Part sunWet / Medium5–10 ftJun–Aug
Ninebark
Physocarpus opulifolius
ShrubFull sun / Part sunDry / Medium / Wet5–10 ftMay–Jun
Red-Twig Dogwood
Cornus sericea
ShrubFull sun / Part sunWet / Medium6–9 ftMay–Jun
Arrowwood Viburnum
Viburnum dentatum
ShrubFull sun / Part sun / ShadeMedium / Wet6–10 ftMay–Jun
Spicebush
Lindera benzoin
ShrubPart sun / ShadeMedium / Wet6–12 ftMar–Apr
American Elderberry
Sambucus canadensis
ShrubFull sun / Part sunMedium / Wet6–12 ftJun–Jul
New Jersey Tea
Ceanothus americanus
ShrubFull sun / Part sunDry2–3.5 ftMay–Jul
Winterberry
Ilex verticillata
ShrubFull sun / Part sunWet / Medium5–10 ftJun–Jul
Serviceberry
Amelanchier canadensis
Small tree / large shrubFull sun / Part sunMedium / Wet15–25 ftApr–May
Bearberry
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
Evergreen shrub (groundcover)Full sun / Part sunDry4–8 inApr–May
Trumpet Honeysuckle
Lonicera sempervirens
VineFull sun / Part sunDry / Medium8–15 ftApr–Sep
Virginia Creeper
Parthenocissus quinquefolia
VineFull sun / Part sun / ShadeDry / Medium30–50 ftJun
Woodland Strawberry
Fragaria vesca
Groundcover perennialPart sun / Shade / Full sunMedium4–8 inApr–Jun
Chokecherry
Prunus virginiana
Large shrub or small treeFull sun / Part sunMedium / Dry10–20 ftMay–Jun

Bloom months are a typical window across the species' U.S. range, not a local calendar — the same plant opens weeks later in the north and at altitude than it does in the south. Use it for ordering the season, and let the plants in front of you set the dates.

Confirm any plant is native to your county with your state Native Plant Society before planting.

The New Hampshire natives worth asking for

The natives worth asking for in New Hampshire — with the botanical name to say at the counter, so you get the plant that feeds something.

The complete Native Plants of New Hampshire

The native plants that belong in your yard — what to plant for pollinators, by zone, with bloom timing and a species table.

Want it on paper? See the printable Native Plants of New Hampshire.